Engineering Institute of Technology
Unit Name | HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER |
Unit Code | BME303S |
Unit Duration | Term |
Award | Bachelor of Science (Engineering)
Duration 3 years |
Year Level | Three |
Unit Creator/Reviewer |
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Core/Sub-discipline | Sub-discipline |
Pre/Co-requisites | BSC202C, BME207S |
Credit Points | 3
Total Program Credit Points 81 (27 x 3) |
Mode of Delivery | Online or on-campus. |
Unit Workload | (Total student workload including “contact hours” = 10 hours per week) Lecture : 1.5 hours Group work, guided exercises, presentation : 2 hours Tutorial : 1.5 hours Personal Study : 5 hours |
The objective in presenting this unit is to provide students with detailed knowledge of heat and mass transfer concepts.
The subject matter covered in this unit will include: an introduction to the fundamental principles and basic laws governing conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer; heat flow mechanisms; an examination of how fins are designed for maximum efficiency; and, transient temperature charts.
Students will also be instructed on: boundary layer concepts; distinguishing between the physical mechanisms concerning natural and forced convection; dimensional analysis as applied to convection; the basic steps in specifying heat exchanger requirements, selecting an appropriate type for a particular application, and employing LMTD and NTU methods of heat exchanger analysis; drawing analogies between heat and mass transfer mechanisms; and, examining diffusion and convective mass transfer principles in detail.
Project work involving the different aspects of the design and selection of fins, and heat exchangers will also be a component of the unit requirements.
At the conclusion of this unit, students will have been imparted with the requisite knowledge to undertake work utilizing heat and mass transfer concepts such as designing and analysing heat transfer equipment, and specifying and selecting heat exchangers for various applications.
Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this Unit, students are expected to be able to:
Demonstrate knowledge of heat and mass transfer mechanisms and principles.
Define and solve steady state and transient conduction problems.
Design and analyse heat transfer equipment.
Determine the basic relations in boundary layers.
Distinguish between natural and forced convection mechanisms.
Derive heat transfer correlations in two phase heat transfer.
Specify and select heat exchangers for various applications.
Completing this unit may add to students professional development/competencies by:
Fostering personal and professional skills and attributes in order to:
Conduct work in a professionally diligent, accountable and ethical manner.
Effectively use oral and written communication in personal and professional domains.
Foster applicable creative thinking, critical thinking and problem solving skills.
Develop initiative and engagement in lifelong learning and professional development.
Enhance collaboration outcomes and performance in dynamic team roles.
Effectively plan, organise, self-manage and manage others.
Professionally utilise and manage information.
Enhance technologist literacy and apply contextualised technologist skills.
Enhance investigatory and research capabilities in order to:
Develop an understanding of systematic, fundamental scientific, mathematic principles, numerical analysis techniques and statistics applicable to technologists.
Access, evaluate and analyse information on technologist processes, procedures, investigations and the discernment of technologist knowledge development.
Foster an in-depth understanding of specialist bodies of knowledge, computer science, engineering design practice and contextual factors applicable to technologists.
Solve basic and open-ended engineering technologist problems.
Understand the scope, principles, norms, accountabilities and bounds associated with sustainable engineering practice.
Develop engineering application abilities in order to:
Apply established engineering methods to broadly-defined technologist problem solving.
Apply engineering technologist techniques, tool and resources.
Apply systematic technologist synthesis and design processes.
Systematically conduct and manage technologist projects, work assignments, testing and experimentation.
The Australian Engineering Stage 1 Competency Standards for Engineering Technologists, approved as of 2013. This table is referenced in the mapping of graduate attributes to learning outcomes and via the learning outcomes to student assessment.
Stage 1 Competencies and Elements of Competency | |
1. | Knowledge and Skill Base |
1.1 | Systematic, theory based understanding of the underpinning natural and physical sciences and the engineering fundamentals applicable to the technology domain. |
1.2 | Conceptual understanding of the, mathematics, numerical analysis, statistics, and computer and information sciences which underpin the technology domain. |
1.3 | In-depth understanding of specialist bodies of knowledge within the technology domain. |
1.4 | Discernment of knowledge development within the technology domain. |
1.5 | Knowledge of engineering design practice and contextual factors impacting the technology domain. |
1.6 | Understanding of the scope, principles, norms, accountabilities and bounds of sustainable engineering practice in the technology domain. |
2. | Engineering Application Ability |
2.1 | Application of established engineering methods to broadly-defined problem solving within the technology domain. |
2.2 | Application of engineering techniques, tools and resources within the technology domain. |
2.3 | Application of systematic synthesis and design processes within the technology domain. |
2.4 | Application of systematic approaches to the conduct and management of projects within the technology domain. |
3. | Professional and Personal Attributes |
3.1 | Ethical conduct and professional accountability. |
3.2 | Effective oral and written communication in professional and lay domains. |
3.3 | Creative, innovative and pro-active demeanour. |
3.4 | Professional use and management of information. |
3.5 | Orderly management of self and professional conduct. |
3.6 | Effective team membership and team leadership. |
Successfully completing this Unit will contribute to the recognition of attainment of the following graduate attributes aligned to the AQF Level 7 criteria, Engineers Australia Stage 1 Competency Standards for Engineering Technologists and the Sydney Accord:
Graduate Attributes (Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, Professional and Personal Development) | EA Stage 1 Competencies | Learning Outcomes |
A. Knowledge of Science and Engineering Fundamentals | ||
A1. Breadth of knowledge of engineering and systematic, theory-based understanding of underlying principles, and depth of knowledge across one or more engineering sub- disciplines |
1.1, 1.3 |
1, 2, 5, 7 |
A2. Knowledge of mathematical, statistical and computer sciences appropriate for engineering technology |
1.2 |
1, 2, 4, 6 |
A3. Discernment of knowledge development within the technology domain | 1.4 | 2, 4 |
A4. Knowledge of engineering design practice and contextual factors impacting the technology domain |
1.5 |
3 |
B. Problem Solving, Critical Analysis and Judgement | ||
B1. Ability to research, synthesise, evaluate and innovatively apply theoretical concepts, knowledge and approaches across diverse engineering technology contexts to effectively solve engineering problems |
1.4, 2.1, 2.3 |
2, 7 |
B2. Technical and project management skills to design complex systems and solutions in line with developments in engineering technology professional practice |
2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.2 |
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C. Effective Communication | ||
C1. Cognitive and technical skills to investigate, analyse and organise information and ideas and to communicate those ideas clearly and fluently, in both written and spoken forms appropriate to the audience |
3.2 |
3 |
C2. Ability to engage effectively and appropriately across a diverse range of cultures | 3.2 |
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D. Design and Project Management | ||
D1. Apply systematic synthesis and design processes within the technology domain | 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 | 3 |
D2. Apply systematic approaches to the conduct and management of projects within the technology domain |
2.4 |
7 |
E. Accountability, Professional and Ethical Conduct | ||
E1. Innovation in applying engineering technology, having regard to ethics and impacts including economic; social; environmental and sustainability |
1.6, 3.1, 3.4 |
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E2. Professional conduct, understanding and accountability in professional practice across diverse circumstances including team work, leadership and independent work |
3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 |
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This table details the mapping of the unit graduate attributes to the unit learning outcomes and the Australian Engineering Stage 1 Competency Standards for the Engineering Technologist.
| Graduate Attributes | ||||||||||||
A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | B1 | B2 | C1 | C2 | D1 | D2 | E1 | E2 | ||
Engineers Australia Stage 1 Competency Standards for Engineering Technologist | 1.1 | |
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Unit Learning Outcomes | LO1 | | |
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Student assessment
Assessment Type | When assessed | Weighting
(% of total unit marks) | Learning Outcomes Assessed |
Assessment 1 Type: Multi-choice test / Group work / Short answer questions / Practical / Remote Lab / Simulation Example Topic: Heat transfer modes, laws, conduction. Students will demonstrate their comprehension of heat transfer modes, the laws governing them and the principles of conduction, by answering a simple quiz and essay type questions. |
Week 3 |
15% |
1, 2 |
Assessment 2 Type: Multi-choice test / Group work / Short answer questions / Practical / Remote Lab / Simulation Example Topic: Fins, boundary layer concepts. Students will provide answers to descriptive questions and solve simple problems to show evidence of their comprehension of heat dissipation, the efficiency of fins, and boundary layer concepts and relations. |
Week 6 |
20% |
3, 4 |
Assessment 3 Type: Multi-choice test / Group work / Short answer questions / Practical / Remote Lab / Simulation / Project / Report Example Topic: Convection, two phase heat transfer, heat exchangers, radiation. Students will be required to provide descriptive answers and solve problems on the above topics. |
Week 10 |
20% |
5, 6, 7 |
Assessment 4 Type: Exam or project Word length: NA Example Topic: Fins and heat-exchangers. Students will undertake a project work involving different aspects of the design and selection of fins, and heat exchangers. The assessor will specify the format for the same. |
Final Week |
40% |
7 |
Attendance / Tutorial Participation Example: Presentation, discussion, group work, exercises, self-assessment/reflection, case study analysis, application. |
Continuous |
5% |
1 to 7 |
Prescribed and recommended readings
Textbook
Holman, J 2009, Heat Transfer, 10th edn, McGraw-Hill Education, ISBN: 978-0073529363
Ozisik, MN 1985, Heat Transfer: A Basic Approach, illustrated, McGraw-Hill, ISBN: 9780070664609
Reference
Bergman, TL, Incropera, FP & Lavine, AS 2011, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 7th edn, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 9780470501979
Cengel, YA 2005, Heat Transfer: A Practical Approach, 2nd edn, Tata Mcgraw-Hill, ISBN: 9780070594173
Kreith, F, Manglik, R & Bohn, M 2010, Principles of Heat Transfer, 7th edn (revised), Cengage Learning, 2010, ISBN: 9780495667704
Nag, PK 2011, Heat And Mass Transfer, 3rd edn, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, ISBN: 978-0070702530
Journal, website
www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00179310
Notes and Reference texts
Knovel library: http://app.knovel.com IDC Technologies
Other material advised during the lectures
Unit Content
One topic is delivered per contact week, with the exception of part-time 24-week units, where one topic is delivered every two weeks.
Topic 1
Introductory Concepts
Modes of heat transfer
Basic laws governing conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer
Thermal conductivity
Fourier’s, Newton’s, and Stefan Boltzmann’s Law
Convective heat transfer coefficient
Radiation heat transfer
Combined heat transfer mechanism
Boundary conditions
Topics 2 and 3
Conduction
Thermal conductivity of solids, liquids, and gases
Factors influencing conductivity measurement
General differential equation of conduction
One dimensional steady state conduction
Linear heat flow through a plane and composite wall, tube, and sphere
Critical thickness of insulation
Effect of variable thermal conductivity
Conduction with heat generation in slabs, cylinders, and spheres
Conduction in solids with negligible internal temperature gradient (lumped system analysis)
Use of transient temperature charts (Heisler’s charts) for transient conduction in slabs, long cylinders, and spheres
Use of transient temperature charts for transient conduction in semi-infinite solids
Topic 4
Fins
Conduction convection system
Extended surfaces – rectangular, triangular, circumferential, and pin fins
Conduction analysis
Fins of uniform and non-uniform cross sectional area
Heat dissipated by fins
Effectiveness and efficiency of fins
Design of fins for maximum heat transfer
Topic 5
Concepts and Basic Relations in Boundary Layers
Flow over a body velocity boundary layer
Critical Reynold’s Number
Drag coefficient and drag force
Thermal boundary layer
General expression for local heat transfer coefficient
Average heat transfer coefficient
Flow inside a duct-velocity boundary layer
Topic 6
Natural and Forced Convection
Physical mechanism of natural convection
Application of dimensional analysis for natural convection
Grashoff number
Empirical relationship for natural convection
Physical mechanism of forced convection
Application of dimensional analysis for forced convection
Physical significance of Reynold’s, Prandtl, Nusselt, and Stanton numbers
Flow over plates, flow across cylinders and spheres, and flow in tubes
Topic 7
Two Phase Heat Transfer
Boiling heat transfer
Pool boiling
Boiling regimes and boiling curve
Pool boiling correlations
Condensation heat transfer
Film condensation
Derivation of average heat transfer coefficient for laminar film condensation over vertical plate
Heat transfer correlations for inclined plates, vertical tubes, horizontal bank tubes
Topic 8
Heat Exchangers
Heat exchanger classification
Heat exchanger performance
Heat exchanger transfer units
Overall heat transfer coefficient
Fouling and fouling factor
LMTD, NTU methods of analysis of heat exchangers
Topics 9 and 10
Radiation Heat Transfer
Introduction
Absorption and reflection of radiant energy
Emission, radiosity and irradiation
Black and non-black bodies
Stefan-Boltzmann’s Law, Kirchhoff’s Law, Planck’s Law, and Wein’s Displacement Law
Radiation heat exchange between two parallel infinite black surfaces
Radiation heat exchange between two parallel infinite grey surfaces
Non-luminous gas radiation
Intensity of radiation and solid angle
Effect of radiation shield
Lambert’s law; radiation heat exchange between two finite surfaces – configuration factor
Topic 11
Mass Transfer
Mass and mole concentrations
Molecular diffusion
Eddy diffusion
Molecular diffusion from an evaporating fluid surface
Convective mass transfer
Wet and dry bulb thermometer
Topic 12
Unit Review
In the final week students will have an opportunity to review the contents covered so far. Opportunity will be provided for a review of student work and to clarify any outstanding issues. Instructors/facilitators may choose to cover a specialized topic if applicable to that cohort.